The Federal Trade Commission should look into how digital media companies target advertisements to children, as well as their child online data collection and storage practices, according to a letter sent by the American Academy of Pediatrics and 30 other consumer associations. "As we pursue the promise of digital media for children's development, we must design robust protections to keep them safe based on an up-to-date understanding of the digital spaces they navigate," said AAP President Dr. Kyle Yasuda.

Researchers found that a new single-dose typhoid conjugate vaccine yielded 81.6% efficacy among youths ages 9 months to 16 years, and rates of adverse events were similar for the test group and those given the meningococcal capsular group A conjugate immunization. The findings in The New England Journal of Medicine "give confidence that the new typhoid conjugate vaccine could have a major impact on this disease and improve the health of some of the most vulnerable children in the world," said researcher Andrew Pollard.

Children born to mothers with diabetes had a 29% higher likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease, especially deep vein thrombosis, hypertensive disease and pulmonary embolism, during 40 years of follow-up, compared with those whose mothers didn't have diabetes, researchers reported in The BMJ. The study found the highest increase in risk of early CVD among those whose mothers both had diabetes and CVD.

Examiners who used ultrasound-enhanced hip physical exams had 97% agreement in differentiating babies with normal hips from those with abnormal hips, according to a study presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics' annual meeting. The approach could be used in diagnosing infant hip dysplasia, but more studies are needed, researcher Dr. Pablo Castaneda said.

A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found children whose families relocated to low-poverty neighborhoods after receiving housing vouchers were almost 16% less likely to be hospitalized than those who stayed in high-poverty areas. The study, based on claims data and information from the Department of Housing and Urban Development's Moving to Opportunity for Fair Housing Demonstration Program, found average annual hospital spending for children who moved was $633 versus $785 for children who remained in impoverished neighborhoods.

A study in Nature Medicine showed that children who had been infected with the enterovirus coxsackievirus for at least 30 days had a higher likelihood of developing beta-cell autoimmunity, putting them at increased risk for type 1 diabetes. Researchers analyzed stool samples of children from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young study and also found a higher beta-cell autoimmunity risk among young people who had a particular genetic variant of the virus receptor.

Health care providers and organizations can counteract vaccine misinformation by creating narrative posts and providing informational resources on Instagram, researchers reported in Health Education & Behavior. Researchers analyzed Instagram posts about the human papillomavirus vaccine and found that although 56% of the posts supported vaccination, engagement was highest with anti-vaccination posts that employed a narrative structure, garnering more positive engagement than posts that provided only informational resources.

Social isolation and loneliness are tied to poor health, increased mortality risk and higher health care spending. Hospitals and health systems can help address these health issues by screening patients for loneliness at admission or in emergency departments, using data to understand which groups are most at risk, creating support groups to promote social connection, and promoting opportunities for volunteers, among other measures.

The American Hospital Association, the Association of American Medical Colleges, the Children's Hospital Association and the Federation of American Hospitals filed a lawsuit against the Trump administration in the US District Court in Washington, D.C., seeking an expedited decision on a rule requiring hospitals to make public the rates they negotiate with insurers. The plaintiffs contend the rule violates the First Amendment by compelling speech and exceeds the intended meaning of "standard charges" transparency in the Affordable Care Act.

Virginia Gov. Ralph Northam has directed the state's Medicaid director to halt negotiations with the Trump administration on implementation of work requirements in the program, and the state has asked the CMS to stop the approval process. The requirements enabled Northam to gain enough Republican support for expanding eligibility in the state, but the Legislature has since been taken over by Democrats.